Hambere aha byari bizwi ko “uwaminuje” aba ari intiti yakenetse amasomo yakurikiranye ariko Abaturarwanda benshi ntibakibyizera batyo. Ni koko bafite ishingiro kuko na nyirubwite arakubwira ati “icy’ingenzi ni uko ndangije”.
Inzobere mu burezi n’abo mu rwego rw’abikorera bagaragaza ko ibi bihangayikishije kuko bikomeje gutuma ibibazo igihugu gifite bitabonerwa ibisubizo n’abakabishatse, ibi byiyongeraho urunturuntu mu mitangire y’akazi ishobora kuzamo na ruswa.
Naganiriye n’umwe mu barangirije muri imwe muri Kaminuza zigenga z’i Kigali mu 2018, ambwira ko nta kimushimisha nko kuba yaravuye ku ntebe y’ishuri. Afite Impamyabumenyi y’Icyiciro cya Kabiri cya Kaminuza mu by’Imari.
Yansobanuriye ko akiri ku ntebe y’ishuri yumvaga ibyo kurangiza icyo cyiciro afite ubumenyi yitezweho ntacyo bimubwiye ahubwo kuba yabona impamyabumenyi bihagije.
Amasomo baziga yabaga ayafite iruhande rwe n’ibibazo bizatoranywamo ibyo azabazwa mu kizamini akaba abizi mbere kuko ari wo muco w’aho yigaga.
Yabishyikirizaga mucuti we wigaga amasomo atandukanye n’aye mu yindi kaminuza, akaba ari we umusobanurira na we akabitekera mu mutwe agapakurura ageze cyumba cy’ikizamini.
Ajya kwandika igitabo “dissertation” mu gihembwe cya nyuma, yiyambaje undi muntu arayimwandikira, icyo kiba kirakemutse. Nk’abandi bose, umunsi warageze yambara ikanzu, ingofero ayiterera hejuru ifoto irafatwa, mu gitabo izina rye ryongerwa ku bandi bafite “Bachelor’s Degree”.
Byangoye kubyumva ubwo umunyeshuri wo muri imwe muri Kaminuza n’Amashuri Makuru bya Leta yambwiraga ko hari mugenzi we bicaranye mu kizamini akamusaba kumwereka ibyo yakoze.
Yamubereye impfura muri bwa bufatanye bw’abanyeshuri, undi arandukura ahereye kuri nimero iranga umunyeshuri (Registration Number), ageza ku kadomo ka nyuma.
Mwarimu yaje kubavumbura afashe impapuro z’ibisubizo byabo ariko ibyakurikiyeho byagizwe ibanga.
Si umwihariko wa kaminuza imwe cyangwa indi, si n’ishuri rikuru cyangwa irindi. Kuvugana n’abiga mu by’igenga n’ibya Leta bigutera kuvuga nka wa wundi wagize ati “si urw’umwe”.
Impungenge ziragenda ziyongera uko bukeye n’uko bwije ku buryo inararibonye mu burezi zemeza ko hakwiye kugira igikorwa mu maguru mashya.
Umwe mu nshuti zanjye wiga muri Kaminuza yigenga iri muri Kigali we yambwiye ko mu ishuri ryabo “hari n’uwo mushobora kubazwa akamaro k’igiti akumva wamwereka ibyo wanditse kuva ku cya mbere kugeza ku cya nyuma”. Yiga mu mwaka usoza icyiciro cya kabiri.
Ati “Nk’ubu hari uwambwiye ngo azikorera igitabo [dissertation] ariko yari afite icyanditse muri mudasobwa yaranatanze igitekerezo cyo kwandikaho (topic) kijyanye nacyo. Ni icy’undi munyeshuri warangirije mu yindi kaminuza yigenga na yo yigisha amasomo nk’ayabo.”
Kaminuza ziracumbagira mu kuzuza inshingano zazo
Kahigana Innocent wahoze ari umwarimu muri Kaminuza y’Ubukerarugendo, Ikoranabuhanga n’Ubukungu (UTB) yabwiye IGIHE ko kuba abanyeshuri bari kurangiza kaminuza n’amashuri makuru badafite ubumenyi bitezweho bihangayikishije ndetse bigaragaza intege nke z’ibyo bigo.
Yagize ati “Ikiba kigamijwe mu kwandika igitabo si umubare w’amapaji cyangwa amagambo wanditsemo ahubwo ni ubumenyi kigusigiye.”
Yifashishije urugero rw’uko kaminuza zo mu Rwanda zishobora kuba ziha impamyabumenyi abanyeshuri 10.000 buri mwaka, avuga ko na bo ubwabo bakabaye bashoboye gushaka ibisubizo by’ibibazo igihugu gifite cyane cyane ibisaba ubushakashatsi.
Yagize ati “Baramutse bafashe ubumenyi bwabo [baba bitezweho] mu by’ubushakashatsi bakabushyira mu bikorwa ntabwo ibyo bibazo byamara imyaka bitarabonerwa ibisubizo.”
“Buriya bumenyi bwabo mu by’ubushakashatsi barangiza kwiga butari ku rwego wavuga ngo buruzuye. Bubaye bwuzuye bwakabaye bukemura ibyo bibazo.”
Kuri we, ntihakabaye hakigaragara ibibazo nk’iby’imirire mibi kandi hari kaminuza zigisha ibijyanye n’imirire n’amafunguro.
Yakomeje ati “Uribaza ngo abo bantu baza ku isoko ry’umurimo ko ubumenyi babufite kuki batabikoraho ubushakashatsi ngo bamenye ibituma icyo kibazo kidakemuka?”
Muri kaminuza zo mu bindi bihugu usanga hamurikwa inyigo mu bihe bitandukanye kandi akenshi zikaza ziri gufasha gukemura ibibazo bihari.
Kahigana yavuze ko mu nshingano za kaminuza harimo kwigisha no gukora ubushakashatsi.
Ati “Ubwo rero kaminuza ibaye ibufitemo intege nkeya, kwaba ari ugutatira igihango. Ntabwo ari ibintu uvuga ngo nibashakishe uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo, ahubwo wavuga uti nibarebe uko kuzuza inshingano zabo.”
Ingaruka zabyo ziraremereye birenze urugero
Umuyobozi w’Urugaga rw’Abikorera, Bapfakurera Robert, yabwiye IGIHE ko bishoboka kuba umuntu yakora akazi neza bidashingiye ku mpamyabumenyi afite ahubwo bitewe n’ubunararibonye afite.
Icyakora yemeza ko ‘niba umuntu yize ingano y’amashuri runaka yagombye kuhakura ubumenyi bujyanye na yo kuko aba azakenera kuzamurwa mu ntera cyangwa akajya no mu nshingano zisumbuye zimusaba gukora ibyo yize’.
Ku rundi ruhande, abenshi muri abo bumva ikibaraje ishinga ari ukurangiza amashuri gusa usanga bateganya ko hari ubundi buryo bazakoresha bashaka akazi kugeza bakabonye.
Bapfakurera yavuze ko ibyo bishobora gutuma habaho imitangire y’akazi idahwitse ku buryo hazamo na ruswa, bikaba byanadindiza ikigo bene uwo azaba akoramo kuko inshingano azahabwa atazashobora kuzuzuza.
Umuyobozi ushinzwe Ibikorwa mu Kigo gihuza Abakozi n’Abakoresha, Job In Rwanda, Tuyikunde Gaba Nicholas, yatangarije IGIHE ko imbogamizi bari guhura na zo kuri ubu harimo kuba abashaka akazi badafite ubunararibonye kandi ari bwo abakoresha baha agaciro kurusha amashuri.
Gusaba akazi no kwitegura ibizamini byako biba bihabanye cyane n’ibyo mu ishuri na byo biri mu byo bamwe mu bari kurangiza kaminuza n’amashuri makuru babura.
Akomoza ku byo kwandikisha igitabo, yavuze ko hatakwirengagizwa ko hari benshi biga banakora kandi abakoresha bari guha agaciro “uburambe mu kazi” kurusha amashuri.
Yakomeje ati “Hari benshi biga kugira ngo babone impamyabumenyi zizabafasha kuva ku rwego rumwe bajya ku rundi ariko mu by’ukuri ubumenyi bwa ngombwa bwinshi babukura mu kazi. Gusa birahinduka bitewe n’ubwoko bw’akazi.”
“Abanyeshuri biga intego ari ukuminuza ariko nta bumenyi bakuyemo biba ari ukwirengagiza ko ejo hazaza ibyo bafite bakuye mu ishuri bazabikoresha kuko byuzuzanya n’akazi baba bazakora.”
Yashimangiye ko ababigenza batyo bagera ku isoko ry’umurimo bagateza ikibazo cy’uko basohotse batazi akazi bakora neza kurusha akandi. Iyo bigenze bityo bagasaba aho babonye hose.
Asanga umukoresha uhitamo umukozi udashoboye ari we wihombya, naho umunyeshuri wiga atabishyizeho umutima ngo ni uko yizeye akazi akaba arebye hafi.
Si ibyo gusa kuko kuri we, uhawe akazi mu buryo butanyuze mu mucyo, biba umuco n’abakiri mu ishuri bakumva ko nta kamaro k’ubumenyi kuko bazi abagafite hanze kandi bataragahataniye.
Yemeje ko mu zindi ngaruka bishobora guteza harimo umusaruro udahagije n’amakimbirane mu kazi.
Tuyikunde yagaragaje ko gushyira imbaraga mu imenyerezamwuga (internship) n’ubufatanye mu nzego zose zifite aho zihurira n’isoko ry’umurimo (amashuri, abikorera, ndetse n’abahuza abakozi n’abakoresha) ari byo bikenewe kugira ngo hakomeze kubaho intego imwe mu itangwa n’ikoreshwa ry’ubumenyi mu buryo bukwiriye.
Impungenge ku barangiza kaminuza n’amashuri makuru mu Rwanda bafite ubumenyi ‘bucagase’
