Imodoka zifashisha amashanyarazi zatangiye gukorwa cyane kuva mu 2008 biturutse ahanini ku mpungenge Isi yagize ku izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli ndetse no kuba ibihugu byinshi byari bishyize imbere imishinga yatuma hagabanuka imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
Raporo y’Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cyo Kubungabunga Ibidukikije (REMA) mu 2018 ku bitera ihumana ry’umwuka mu gihugu, yagaragaje ko imyuka isohorwa n’ibinyabiziga iza ku isonga mu bihumanya umwuka muri Kigali no mu yindi mijyi.
Ibi byatumye rutangira gutekereza ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi no kugabanya umubare w’izifashisha lisansi na mazutu.
Mu gushyigikira uyu murongo, Leta y’u Rwanda yagabanyije igiciro cy’amashanyarazi n’imisoro ku modoka zifashisha amashanyarazi z’abantu n’ibigo bitandukanye.
Uyu mwanzuro uri mu yatangajwe mu Nama y’Abaminisitiri yateranye ku wa 14 Mata 2021; wemeje Politiki nshya yo gutwara abantu n’ibintu mu Rwanda n’ingamba zerekeye ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi.
Iki cyemezo kandi kinajyanye no kugabanya ibyago bishobora guterwa n’imyuka ihumanya ikirere n’izindi ndwara zo mu buhumekero bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’imodoka zinjizwa mu gihugu, aho nibura buri mwaka ziyongeraho 12%.
Igabanuka ry’igiciro cy’amashanyarazi
U Rwanda rwagennye ko ibiciro by’amashanyarazi kuri sitasiyo z’imodoka bizaba bingana n’ibisanzwe byifashishwa n’inganda.
Kuva mu 2020, inganda nini zishyura 94 Frw kuri kilowatt imwe ku isaha mu gihe mu rugo rw’umuturage kilowatt imwe ku isaha ari 212 Frw.
Kugeza ubu mu gihugu hari sitasiyo enye zikoreshwa mu gushyira umuriro mu modoka z’amashanyarazi, zirimo iyubatswe kuri Kigali Convention Centre, iyo ku cyicaro cya Volkswagen Rwanda mu Cyanya cy’Inganda i Masoro. Hari iri mu Kanogo yatangijwe na Vivo Energy Rwanda n’indi iri ku Cyicaro cya REMA.
Mu korohereza abafite imodoka zifashisha amashanyarazi, biteganyijwe ko zizagabanyirizwa ibiciro mu masaha adakoreshwa cyane.
Muri izi mpinduka kandi imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibyuma bisimbura ibyangiritse [spare parts], batiri n’ibikoresho bya sitasiyo zo gushyira umuriro mu modoka byakomorewe umusoro ku nyongeragaciro (VAT).
Imodoka n’ibyo bikoresho kandi byasonewe umusoro ungana na 5% k’utangwa ku bintu byatumijwe mu mahanga iyo bigeze muri gasutamo.
Guverinoma y’u Rwanda kandi yateganyije ko ubutaka bwa Leta buzashyirwaho sitasiyo zishyira umuriro mu modoka z’amashanyarazi butazajya butangirwa ubukode.
Inyandiko ishyiraho aya mabwiriza ivuga ko ibi bijyana no guteganya mu gishushanyo mbonera cy’Umujyi wa Kigali aho sitasiyo zigomba kubakwa no gutanga ibyemezo byo kuzubaka ku buntu.
U Rwanda ntirworohereje imodoka z’amashanyarazi ziva hanze gusa kuko iryo gabanuka rizanagera kuri sosiyete zashoye imari cyangwa ziziteranyiriza mu Rwanda, aho zisonerwa umusoro mu gihe runaka ndetse zikanagabanyirizwa umusoro ku nyungu ku bigo binini kugera kuri 15% [ubusanzwe byishyura 30%].
Imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zatangiye kugezwa mu Rwanda mu 2019, ubu rufite izigera kuri 20 zakozwe na Volkswagen.
Ku isoko ry’u Rwanda kandi hasanzwe moto zikoresha amashanyarazi. Mu kurushaho kuzikwirakwiza mu minsi ishize, Sosiyete ya Ampersand Rwanda izobereye mu bijyanye n’ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, ikaba iya mbere muri Afurika itanga serivisi za moto zikoresha ubu bwoko bw’ingufu, yashowemo miliyoni 3,5$.
Kuva Ampersand yatangira ibikorwa byayo muri Gicurasi mu 2019, imaze kugira abamotari bakoresha moto z’amashanyarazi bagera kuri 35, bakoze ingendo za kilometero miliyoni 1.4 ndetse hari n’abandi 7000 bifuza gukorana n’abo.
U Rwanda rufite intego y’uko kugeza mu 2030 ruzaba rwagabanyije ku gipimo cya 38% imyuka ihumanye yoherezwa mu kirere, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zikaba zitezweho kugabanya 9% by’iyo myuka nk’uko bigaragara muri Gahunda y’Igihugu yo kugabanya Imyuka ihumanye yoherezwa mu Kirere (Nationally Determined Contributions, NDC).
