Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare gikomeje gutangaza raporo zicukumbuye ku byavuye mu Ibarura Rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire, ryakozwe mu 2022. Iyerekeye Abanyarwanda bageze mu zabukuru igaragaza ko umubare wabo wiyongereye kandi ko bishobora kuzagira ingaruka muri sosiyete mu bihe bizaza.
Aba ni abafite kuva ku myaka 60 gusubiza hejuru. Mu mpamvu zituma abantu benshi babasha kugera mu myaka y’izabukuru zifitanye isano n’igabanuka ry’impfu, kugabanya imbyaro n’amavugurura mu by’ubuzima hashingiwe ku iterambere mu by’ubuvuzi, imirire myiza, isuku n’isukura, ubumenyi bwisumbuye mu bijyanye n’ubuzima n’ibindi.
Ni ku nshuro ya kabiri hakorwa raporo ku buzima bw’abageze mu zabukuru ishingiye ku Ibarura Rusange uhereye mu 1978.
Ibarura Rusange rya 2022 ryerekanye ko abantu bafite imyaka 60 gusubiza hejuru kuri ubu mu Rwanda ari 862.929, ni ukuvuga ko bagize 6,5% by’abaturage bose.
Abagabo ni bo bake (356.467) ugereranyije n’abagore (506.462). Mu bantu bakuze cyane, abenshi ni abatuye mu bice by’icyaro (708,967) aho bagize 7,4% by’abaturage bose b’u Rwanda mu gihe 153.962 bangana na 4,2%, batuye mu bice by’imijyi.
Ubumuga ni cyo kibazo gikomereye abageze mu zabukuru kandi bugira uruhare mu gusubiza inyuma ubuzima bwabo.
Nibura abantu 108.729 bari muri iki cyiciro bafite ubumuga; 63% ni abagore na ho 37% ni abagabo muri bo 81,6% batuye mu byaro.
Indi mibare y’ingenzi igaragaza ko abagera kuri 50% mu basheshe akanguhe mu Rwanda batigeze bakandagira mu ishuri; 44,5% bize amashuri abanza; 3,1% bize ayisumbuye na ho abagera kuri 1,1% ni bo bize kaminuza.
Icyuho mu bijyanye n’imyigire kigaragara cyane mu bagore kimwe n’uko abatazi gusoma no kwandika bagwiriye mu b’igitsina gore (53,9%).
Mu bashobora gusoma, 46,8% bazi Ikinyarwanda, Igifaransa ni 2,2%, Icyongereza ni 1,8% naho Igiswahili ni 2,7%.
Abagera kuri 12,9% by’abakuze baribana, ab’igitsina gore nibo benshi. Amabati ni byo bikoresho byiganje mu bisakaje inzu zabo (64,9%). Abafite umuriro w’amashanyarazi ni 55,1% naho 97,0% bacana inkwi, amakara cyangwa ibyatsi. 2,8% ni bo bafite internet, 36,4% bafite telefone zisanzwe; 9,7% bakagira Smart Phones.
Abagera kuri 28,3% by’abakuze bavukiye ahatandukanye n’abo batuye ubu; mu bituma bimuka hakaba harimo ibibazo by’ubukungu, iby’imiryango n’ibindi. 243.350 bari mu bikorwa bibyara inyungu byiganjemo ubuhinzi.
Abanyamahanga batuye mu Rwanda bari mu cyiciro cy’abakuze cyane ni 117.375, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ikaba ari cyo gihugu gifite umubare munini.
Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare kigaragaza ko uko umubare w’abasaza n’abakecuru wiyongera ni ko biganisha ku bibazo birimo igabanuka ry’abafite imbaraga zo gukora mu gihugu na byo bifite ingaruka zo kongera ubukene, kuzana inkomyi mu mitangire y’amafaranga ya pansiyo mu buryo burambye, ikiguzi cyo hejuru cya serivisi z’ubuvuzi, gukenera kwitabwaho ari benshi, ubwigunge butewe no kwibana ku bakecuru [kuko abagore ari bo baramba kurenza abagabo] n’ibindi.
Mu mwaka ushize wa 2022, ku isi hose habarurwaga abagera kuri miliyoni 771 bafite imyaka kuva kuri 65 gusubiza hejuru, hafi 10% by’abatuye isi yose. Iki cyiciro cyarazamutse cyane ndetse biteganyijwe ko kizagera kuri 16% mu 2050 na 24% mu 2100.
Ibihugu bifite umubare munini w’abageze mu zabukuru ni ibifite ubukungu buteye imbere nk’u Buyapani (30%), u Butaliyani (24%) na Finland (23%). Ibihugubu bifite umubare muto ni iby’Abarabu na Afurika.
Ibyerekeye politiki y’u Rwanda ku bageze mu zabukuru
Mu 2007, Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi yamuritse politiki y’imyaka ine (2008-2012), yari igamije kugabanya ubukene no kuzamura iterambere. Mu bo byagaragaje ko bakeneye inkunga ni abafite intege kubera izabukuru, abafite ubumuga n’abazahajwe na Sida.
Abandi bari bakeneye ubufasha bw’igihe gito barimo abana b’impfubyi, abana bayoboye imiryango n’abasigajwe inyuma n’amateka.
Guverinoma y’u Rwanda kandi mu 2021 yashyizeho politiki y’abageze mu zabukuru mu 2021 imurikwa ku mugaragaro muri Gicurasi hagamijwe gushyiraho uburyo abageze mu zabukuru bagera ku burenganzira bwabo mu buryo bwuzuye.
Igamije kubongerera ubushobozi, kubatera inkunga kugira ngo badasigara inyuma muri sosiyete nyarwanda.
Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda rya 2003 ryavuguruwe mu 2015, rigena ko abafite ubumuga bagomba kubaho mu bwisanzure, kwihaza, kugira agaciro n’ubuzima buzira umuze.
Iyi politiki kandi ikubiyemo ibijyanye n’uko ibibazo bikomereye abageze mu zabukuru bigomba gushakirwa ibisubizo mu cyerekezo 2050 na gahunda y’igihugu yo kwihutisha iterambere mu myaka irindwi (2017-2024), NST1.
Ifoto yakuwe ku rubuga rw’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga